FreeMedSite | FCPS Orthopaedics

ATLS, Polytrauma & Damage-Control Orthopaedics

General Trauma | 125 MCQs | 25 concepts across 5 progressive rounds

125 MCQs5 Difficulty LevelsDetailed Answer ReviewExam Pearls & Viva

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All 125 Questions Round 1: Foundation / High-yield (Q1-25) Round 2: Intermediate Clinical (Q26-50) Round 3: High-yield Planning (Q51-75) Round 4: Examiner Traps (Q76-100) Round 5: Advanced Integration (Q101-125)

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Master revision sheet - 25 essential ATLS / DCO concepts

ATLS airway

Airway is addressed first while protecting the cervical spine.

ATLS breathing

Breathing and ventilation are assessed after airway in ABCDE.

Trauma shock

Hemorrhage is the most important and common reversible cause of shock in acute trauma.

Bleeding sites

Major blood loss may occur into chest, abdomen, pelvis and long-bone compartments.

Pelvic binder level

Trochanteric placement compresses the pelvic ring effectively.

Secondary survey

The secondary survey is a systematic head-to-toe assessment after initial stabilization.

AMPLE

AMPLE captures allergies, medications, past history/pregnancy, last meal, events/environment.

Damage-control

DCO limits operative insult in unstable/borderline patients using temporary stabilization.

Early total care

ETC is appropriate when resuscitation and physiology permit early definitive stabilization.

Second hit

Prolonged definitive surgery can add inflammatory burden in unstable patients.

Lethal triad

These three processes reinforce one another in severe hemorrhagic trauma.

Lethal diamond

Massive transfusion and shock can produce hypocalcemia, worsening coagulation and cardiac function.

Tourniquet

A properly applied tourniquet can be lifesaving in uncontrolled extremity bleeding.

Open fracture splint

Stabilization reduces pain, bleeding and further soft-tissue injury; perfusion must be reassessed.

Massive transfusion

Damage-control resuscitation emphasizes blood products, warming and definitive hemorrhage control.

Tranexamic acid

Evidence supports early TXA in appropriate major bleeding; late administration does not provide the same benefit.

C-spine

Spinal precautions are maintained during airway maneuvers until cervical injury is appropriately cleared.

Fat embolism

FES classically includes hypoxemia, neurologic changes and petechiae after long-bone/pelvic trauma.

Long-bone stabilization

Appropriate stabilization aids mobilization and overall trauma care.

Tertiary survey

Reassessment after stabilization helps identify occult or initially missed injuries.

Vascular hard signs

Hard signs indicate major vascular injury requiring urgent vascular action.

ABI trauma

ABI is a useful screening adjunct for occult arterial injury in selected extremity trauma.

Compartment serial exam

Evolving swelling/ischemia may not be present initially, so repeated assessment is critical.

Documentation

Pre- and post-reduction neurovascular documentation is a core safety practice.

Rewarming

Preventing hypothermia is a central component of damage-control resuscitation.

The supplied module contains 25 concepts examined in five rounds (125 questions). All source questions, options and answer explanations are preserved. Viva follow-ups in the source do not contain separate full answers; the linked key point is shown. Progress is saved on this browser when available.