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A house officer while performing lymph node e xcision in the posterior triangle of the neck completely divides a nerve going through the tissue post-surgically, the patient will have? A. Homer’s syndrome B. Claudication C. Paralysis of sternocleidomastoid and  trapezius D. Winging of scapula but no drooping of the s houlder E. Drooping of the shoulder with wasting of the t rapezius Answer: C The Correct Answer is   Paralysis of sternocleidomastoid and  trapezius Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Most common presenting symptom of v aricose veins is? A. Aching legs after prolonged standing B. Itching C. headache D. swelling E. bleeding gums Answer: A The Correct Answer is Aching legs after prolonged standing Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Claudication is: A. Cramp like pain felt in the calf but can also a ffect the thigh and buttock B. Not relieved by standing still C. Distance for the onset of pain varies daily D. Pain present while start walking E. Pain present even at rest Answer: D The Correct Answer is Pain Present while start walking  Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Diagnostic needle biopsy for space occupying L esion in the liver should not be performed? A. Primary liver tumour B. Suspected hemangioma C. Fungal liver abscess D. SOL more than 2cm in size E. Hepatic adenoma Answer: B The Correct Answer is Suspected hemangioma Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

In which of the following is serum alpha-fetoprotein  not increased? A. Bladder carcinoma B. Acute hepatitis C. Hepatocellular carcinoma D. Neuroblastoma E. Teratoma Answer: A The Correct Answer is Bladder carcinoma Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

In infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis? A. Babies refuse to suck B. The male to female ratio is 2:1 C. There is often hypochloremic alkalosis D. Vomiting is bile stained E. Vomiting typically starts at 2 to 4 weeks Answer: E  The Correct Answer is  Vomiting typically starts at 2 to 4 weeks Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 38-year-old alcoholic male has presented to  the hospital following a 72-hour drinking binge. He has been vomiting excessively. On examination, he is pale, clammy, tachycardia and hypotensive. He is noted to have surgical emphysema tracking into his neck on the left side. What is the diagnosis? A. Adenocarcinoma B. Varices C. Atresia D. Plummer Vinson syndrome E. Boerhaave’s syndrome Answer: E The Correct Answer is Boerhaave’s syndrome Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 24-year-old teacher falls on outstretched  and while playing netball. She feels pain and brought to the emergency department. On examination, she feels tender on anatomical snuffbox area but no fracture. What is most likely bone is injured? A. Lunate B. Metacarpals C. Radius D. Scaphoid E. Ulna Answer: D The Correct Answer is Scaphoid Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Which of the following most malignant  lesion of bone? A. Chondroblastoma B. Fibrosarcoma C. Ewing sarcoma D. Hemangioma E. Osteosarcoma Answer: E The Correct Answer is Osteosarcoma Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

An 18-year-old woman falls onto her outstretched hand while under the influence of alcohol; she attends her local and A & E department where she complains of severe pain in the right forearm. X.ray reveals Fracture of the distal end of radius with a disruption of the distal radioulnar joint. This Type of fracture named after which surgeon? A. Baron B. Colle C. Monteggia D. Glaeazzi E. Smith Answer: D The Correct Answer is Glaeazzi Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

The broadest segment of the long bone is? A. Metaphysis B. Diaphysis C. Epiphysis D. Secondary growth centre E. Primary growth centre Answer: C The Correct Answer is Epiphysis Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Glasgow coma scale in a patient with head Injury? A. With high score correlate with high Mortality rate B. Serves to assess the outcome and prognosis in a patient with a head injury C. Includes a measurement of intracranial Pressure D. Includes a measurement of papillary reflex Only E. Includes a measurement of written responses Answer: B The Correct Answer is: Serves to assess the outcome and prognosis in a patient with a head injury Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Tracheostomy? A. Cuffed tubes should be used in children under 8 years old B. Removal requires a FLO2<24% C. is usually required to wean from a Prolonged period of mechanical ventilation D. Bleeding should be managed by the dilated cuff And removing tube E. The open procedure involves division of Thyroid isthmus and vertical incision Between 3 to 5  tracheal ring Answer: E  The Correct Answer is: The open procedure involves division of Thyroid isthmus and vertical incision Between 3 to 5  tracheal ring Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 65-year-old male presents with a history of  ain in the calf for the last two years. In last six months he was able to walk 200 yards and now he only walks 50 yards. He rests for five minutes between periods of walking. What is the diagnosis? A. Varicose vein B. Intermittent claudication C. Neuropathic ulcer D. Spinal stenosis E. DVT Answer: B The Correct Answer is Intermittent claudication Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 56-year-old diabetic attends to his GP c omplaining of an ulcer on heel of his foot. He has had diabetes for 20 years and is k nown to be poorly compliant with his medication. The GP examines his lower limb and elicits a reduction in sensation to vibration and light touch. What is the disease process going to this patient? A. Neuropathic ulcer B. Intermittent claudication C. Varicose veins D. Spinal stenosis E. DVT Answer: A  The Correct Answer is Neuropathic ulcer Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

The axillary nerve passes directly inferior to w hich muscle as it leaves the axilla? A. The long head of triceps B. The long head of biceps C. Pectoralis major D. Teres minor E. Subscapularis Answer: D The Correct Answer is Teres minor Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 27-year-old lady presents with progressive d ysphagia for solids and liquids. She also gives a history of regurgitation of food x-ray reveals a dilated esophagus and absent gastric air bubble. What is the cause of dysphagia? A. Bulbar palsy B. Hiatus hernia C. Achalasia cardia D. Myasthenia gravis E. Plummer Vinson syndrome Answer: C The Correct Answer is Achalasia cardia Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 14-year-old presented with an episode of p ainless jaundice after a bout of gastroenteritis. His bilirubin is elevated at 78micromol/L (1-22) but the remainder of liver function was normal and his reticulocyte is 20% (0.5-2.4). what is the diagnosis? A. Biliary atresia B. Gilbert’s syndrome C. Choledocholithiasis D. Hepatoblastoma E. Viral hepatitis Answer: B The Correct Answer is Gilbert’s syndrome Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

The commonest site for lymphoma in GIT is? A. Ilium B. Stomach C. Duodenum D. Rectum E. Small bowel Answer: B The Correct Answer is Stomach Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Dumping syndrome is due to: A. Presence of hypertonic contents in bowel B. Diarrhoea C. Vagotomy D. Reduced gastric capacity E. Associated gall stones Answer: C  The Correct Answer is Vagotomy Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A one-day-old infant boy born at 35 weeks G estation has developed a number of cyanotic episodes since birth he has failed to feed, attempts to pass an NG tube has been unsuccessful. What is the diagnosis? A. Atresia B. Varices C. Adenocarcinoma D. Boerhaave’s syndrome E. Plummer Vinson syndrome Answer: A The Correct Answer is Atresia Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

For Carpal tunnel syndrome: A. An underlying medical condition is usually  present B. May present with pain in the forearm C. Is associated with fasciculation of the m uscles of the hand D. Is exacerbated by coughing and sneezing E. Is uncommon in diffuse eosinophilic f ascitis Answer: A  The Correct Answer is an  underlying medical condition is usually  present Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

An 18-year-old football player is seen in the  emergency ward with severe knee pain incurred after being hit by a tackler while  running. Physical exam indicates meniscus injury which usually results due to? A. Flexion and rotation B. Hyperextension C. Simple hyperflexion D. Compression E. Fracture of femur Answer: A  The Correct Answer is Flexion and rotation Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

The lesion arises from skeletal muscles. This commonly affects children and can be found in the head, neck, trunk and limbs. What is the soft tissue swelling called: A. Neuroma B. Lipoma C. Rhabdomyosarcoma D. Ganglion E. Leiomyoma Answer: C The Correct Answer is Rhabdomyosarcoma Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 33-year-old man is injured while riding a m otorbike. He sustains a fracture of his tibia. The orthopedic register decides to provide initial stability by placing external fixating frame. The first pin is placed in the proximal tibia and second through the calcaneum in a medial to the lateral direction and the site of entry of calcaneal pin is 2.5cm superior and towards the toes away from the heel. What nerve in that area damaged if pin incorrectly placed? A. Deep peroneal nerve B. Lateral plantar nerve C. Superficial peroneal nerve D. Medial plantar nerve E. Sural nerve Answer: D The Correct Answer is Medial plantar nerve Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 24-year-old rugby player presents with a s udden painful shoulder after a game. He has loss of shoulder contour. What is pathology? A. Acromioclavicular joint osteoarthritis B. Dislocation of shoulder C. A complete tear of the triceps muscle D. Rupture of the long head of biceps E. Fracture of surgical neck of humerus Answer. B  The Correct Answer is Dislocation of the shoulder Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A patient has severe pain, pallor and p aresthesia distal to the extremity injury, there is concern regarding the dressing/cast associated with this injury. Which of the following is associated with Volkmann's ischemic contracture? A. Intertrochanteric femoral fracture B. Posterior dislocation of the knee C. Supracondylar fracture of humerus D. Traumatic shoulder separation E. Colles’s fracture Answer: C The Correct Answer is Supracondylar fracture of humerus Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 4-year-old boy with an easily reducible P rotuberance through the umbilicus has? A. Umbilical hernia B. Direct inguinal hernia C. Indirect inguinal hernia D. Lumber hernia E. Incisional hernia Answer. A The Correct Answer is  U mbilical hernia Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

The best investigation to diagnose Haemorrhoids is? A. Proctosigmoidoscopy B. Barium enema C. Colonoscopy D. Endoluminal ultrasound E. Proctoscopy Answer: E The Correct Answer is Proctoscopy Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Imperforate anus? A. Affects males more frequently than females B. Results in the passage of meconium only in the f irst 24 hours C. The rectum usually ends in blind pouch D. Is divided into high and low variety for the p urpose of treatment E. Is always associated with absent sacrum Answer: D The Correct Answer is    Is divided into high and low variety for the p urpose of treatment Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 2-month-old boy is examined because he  has been straining while passing stool and has a distended abdomen. He is very low on  the growth chart for the age. A rectal examination and biopsy are performed. Which of the following statement concerning Hirschsprung's disease is true? A. lt is best diagnosed in the newborn period b y barium enema B. It is initially treated by colostomy C. It is characterized by the absence of g enitourinary tract anomalies D. It is associated with a high incidence of g enitourinary tract anomalies E. It is the congenital disease that most c ommonly leads to subsequent faecal incontinence Answer: B The Correct Answer is It is initially treated by colostomy Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

In which malignancy is a carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) a commonly used tumour marker? A. Testicular tumour B. Clonic carcinoma C. Carcinoma of the ovary D. Pancreatic carcinoma E. Malignant melanoma Answer:  B The Correct Answer is Clonic carcinoma Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Inflammation of the retrocecal appendix will produce pain when there is which of the following movements at the hip? A. Extension B. Flexion C. Medial rotation D. Lateral rotation E. Abduction Answer. A The Correct Answer is Extension Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

The vermiform appendix: A. Embryological elongates as rapidly as the  rest of colon B. The longitudinal layer is the continuation of the t eniae coli C. Average 5cm in length D. Tip at a constant location E. Is supplied by branches of inferior m esenteric artery Answer: B The Correct Answer is t he longitudinal layer is the continuation of the t eniae coli Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Closed-loop intestinal obstruction: A. Is not seen in obstruction caused by s igmoid volvulus B. Is associated with carcinoma of splenic f lexure with the competent ileocecal valve C. Is seen in carcinoma of hepatic flexure with i ncompetent ileocecal valve D. Cannot cause perforation of the gut E. Should be treated as non-urgent scheduled l aparotomy Answer: B The Correct Answer is   Is associated with carcinoma of splenic f lexure with the competent ileocecal valve Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A six weeks old baby who had been born prematurely developed abdominal distension, irritability and vomiting. Groin examination h ad been overlooked but abdominal X.ray Showed gas in the scrotum? A. Intussusceptions B. Necrotizing enterocolitis C. Incarcerated inguinal hernia D. Volvulus E. ileal atresia Answer: C The Correct Answer is Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Short bowel syndrome is characterized by all o f the following except: A. Diarrhoea B. Hypogastrinemia C. Weight loss D. Steatorrhea E. Renal oxalate stones Answer B The Correct Answer is  Hypogastrinemia Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A man 60 of age has a history of IHD and A therosclerosis. He presents with abdominal pain and maroon stools. Most likely diagnosis is? A. Acute mesenteric ischemia B. Acute intestinal obstruction C. Peritonitis D. Appendicitis E. Intussusceptions Answer: A The Correct Answer is Acute mesenteric ischemia Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A teenage boy presents with a painless s welling in the umbilical region. The swelling is fluctuant and moves freely in the axis of left iliac fossa right hypochondrium. What is the diagnosis? A. Retroperitoneal tumour B. Mesenteric cyst C. Hydatid cyst D. Lymphoma of mesentery E. Hydronephrosis Answer: B  The Correct Answer is Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Generalized peritonitis is characterized by? A. Intermittent spasmodic abdominal pain B. Elevated temperature and pulse rate C. Repeated vomiting and bleeding from the n ose D. Grey turner sign E. Almost no finding on rectal examination Answer: E The Correct Answer is Almost no finding on rectal examination Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Which of the following blood tests not the P art of Glassgow criteria for assessing the severity of acute pancreatitis? A. Albumin B. CRP C. Arterial blood gas D. Calcium E. LDH Answer: B The Correct Answer is CRP Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 60 years old man presented with epigastric p ain radiating to back after his routine weekend drinking, at the time of admission. He was dehydrated, tachypneic, and hypotensive. On abdominal examination, there is generalized tenderness. Clinical diagnosis of acute pancreatitis was made. Which is not included in the Ranson's criteria? A. Age B. WBC count C. Serum potassium D. Serum calcium E. Blood glucose level Answer: C The correct answer is Serum Potassium Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 34-year-old woman on routine examination a nd biochemical screening is found to have a mildly raised bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase. She has had one episode of right hypochondria pain following a cheese and wine party the previous Christmas. Ultrasound showed the presence of multiple small stones in the gall bladder and a common bile duct with a diameter just over the upper normal limit, but no abnormalities.  What is the diagnosis? A. Cholangitis B. Gall stones in the gall bladder C. Carcinoma head of the pancreas D. Gall stones in the common bile duct E. Infective hepatitis Answer: D The Correct Answer is Gall stones in Common bile duct Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Bile acids: A. Are conjugated with taurine and glycine b efore excretion into bile B. Are about 50% reabsorbed from the i ntestinal lumen C. Are formed in the distal ileum D. Are synthesized 10mg/day in normal i ndividuals C. Cannot be metabolized by intestinal b acteria Answer: A    The Correct Answer is that bile acids are conjugated with taurine and glycine before excretion into bile Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 24-year-old IV drug abuser presents to a surgical outpatient clinic with a 2-week history of gradually increasing swelling in his left groin. On examination he is afebrile, and his pulse rate is 74/min. The swelling is non-tender but has expansile pulsation. There are no enlarged lymph nodes in the region. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Ectopic testis B. Lipoma C. Psoas abscess D. Enlarged lymph nodes E. Femoral artery aneurysm Answer: E The Correct Answer is  Femoral artery aneurysm Notes: What Is Femoral Artery Aneurysm? Femoral Artery Aneurysm like other aneurysm is a bulging in the wall of the femoral artery, the femoral artery is  located  in the thigh. It is a rare condition and mostly seen in elderly individuals (Mostly after 70) It is 2nd most common peripheral aneurysm (first most common is popliteal artery aneurysm) What are the Risk factors of Femoral artery aneurysm? Smoking Hypertension Arterioscler...

A most common indication for splenectomy is? A. Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura B. Viral infections C. Leukaemia D. Trauma E. Protozoal infections Answer: D The Correct Answer is  Trauma Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

The accessory spleen is mostly found in? A. Lienorenal ligament B. Gastrosplenic ligament C. Around the tail of the pancreas D. Omentum E. Hilum of spleen Answer: E The Correct Answer is    Hilum of spleen Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 20-year-old patient presented with soft c ompressible brilliantly illuminated non-tender swelling in the right submental area occupying anterior of the neck. Swelling is increasing in size for the last 2 years which was small since childhood, the clinical diagnosis is? A. Submandibular enlarged lymph nodes B. Cystic hygroma C. Metastatic squamous cell CA of tongue D. Infected sebaceous cyst E. Thyroglossal cyst Answer: B The Correct Answer is Cystic hygroma Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Management of CSF rhinorrhea? A. Plain x.ray and packing of the nose B. Immediate surgery C. Nasal packing only D. Antibiotics and observations E. Analgesia Answer: D The Correct Answer is Antibiotics and observations Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 40-year-old man has been lying u nconsciously on his left side for fourteen hours. When he recovers he notices that he cannot dorsiflex his left foot. On examination, there is reduced sensation over the dorsum of the foot. Which nerve is injured? A. Sciatic nerve B. Tibial nerve C. Saphenous nerve D. Common peroneal nerve E. Femoral nerve Answer: D The Correct Answer is Common peroneal nerve Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Emergency treatment of cardiac temponade is? A. Positive pressure ventilation B. Immediate thoracotomy C. Immediate needle aspiration of pericardial s ac D. Intravenous antibiotic E Immediate pericardiotomy Answer: C The Correct Answer is I mmediate needle aspiration of pericardial s ac Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 40-year-old man involved in a head-on  collision while driving to work. In a resuscitation room he opens his eyes to pain, is mumbling inappropriately and tries to stop the nurse putting the cannula in this arm. What is his Glassgow coma Scale? A 3 B. 7 c. 14 D. 15 E 10 Answer: E The Correct Answer is 10 Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

Fibroadenoma of the breast? A. Is the common malignant lump in young  female B. Is encapsulated C. is always present in the upper outer quadrant D. Is usually painless and fixed in underlying  fascia E Non-lactational abscess Answer: B The Correct Answer is  encapsulated Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 27-year-old lady presents with a hot red s wollen lump in her left breast which is very tender. She is one month postpartum of her first child. What is the diagnosis? A. Benign mammary dysplasia B. Lactational breast abscess C. Cystic disease F. Mastitis neonatorum G. Non-lactational abscess Answer: B The Correct Answer is Lactational breast abscess Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 45-year-old woman is found to have lobular carcinoma i n situ (LCIS) on a breast biopsy. Regarding counselling for her risk for invasive breast cancer, which of the following treatment is True? A. The most common type of invasive c arcinoma after a diagnosis of LCIS is Lobular carcinoma B. Her risk of invasive carcinoma is equivalent i n both breasts C. Her risk of invasive carcinoma is s ignificantly increased if a large focus of LCIS is present in the biopsy specimen D. Her risk of invasive carcinoma is greatest w ithin 10 years after a diagnosis of LCIS after that risk will minimal E. Early menarche and late menopause are a ssociated with increased relative risks for breast cancer when compared to LCIS Answer: B The Correct Answer is that  Her risk of invasive carcinoma is equivalent i n both breasts Like Our  Facebook Page  For Daily Update

A 40-year-old woman undergoes a radical mastectomy . Postoperatively, she loses the ability to fold her right arm behind the back and to reach the opposite scapula . 👉 Question: Which nerve is most likely injured? Options: A. Medial pectoral nerve B. Long thoracic nerve C. Thoracodorsal nerve D. Subscapular nerve E. Suprascapular nerve ✅ Correct Answer: C. Thoracodorsal nerve 📚 Explanation: C. ✅ The thoracodorsal nerve (middle subscapular nerve) innervates the latissimus dorsi muscle . Injury leads to inability to adduct, extend, and internally rotate the arm , particularly noticeable when trying to fold the arm behind the back or reach opposite scapula , as seen after radical mastectomy or axillary dissection. A. Medial pectoral nerve ❌ – Innervates pectoralis minor and part of pectoralis major ; injury weakens shoulder adduction but does not prevent reaching behind the back. B. Long thoracic nerve ❌ – Injury causes winged scapula due to serratu...

A 39-year-old woman’s chest radiograph shows bilateral cystic changes with tram-line shadows . She has a history of recurrent severe chest infections since childhood and recently developed hemoptysis . 👉 Question: What is the most probable diagnosis? Options: A. Carcinoma of lung B. Hamartoma C. Lung abscess D. Pulmonary embolism E. Bronchiectasis ✅ Correct Answer: E. Bronchiectasis 📚 Explanation: E. ✅ The patient’s history of recurrent chest infections, hemoptysis, and radiographic features of bilateral cystic changes and tram-line shadows are classic for bronchiectasis , a chronic irreversible dilatation of bronchi. A. Carcinoma of lung ❌ – Usually presents as a solitary mass, not bilateral cystic changes with tram-line shadows. B. Hamartoma ❌ – Typically appears as a solitary pulmonary nodule (“coin lesion”) on imaging; no cystic changes or recurrent infections. C. Lung abscess ❌ – Usually a single cavitary lesion with air-fluid level; h...

A 59-year-old male smoker has a chest radiograph showing a cavity with an air-fluid level . Bronchoscopy excludes malignancy. 👉 Question: What is the most likely diagnosis? Options: A. Lung abscess B. Bronchiectasis C. Carcinoma of lung D. Hematoma E. Pulmonary embolism ✅ Correct Answer: A. Lung abscess 📚 Explanation: A. ✅ Lung abscess presents as a cavitary lesion with an air-fluid level on chest X-ray, commonly caused by bacterial infection. Negative bronchoscopy rules out malignancy. B. Bronchiectasis ❌ – Typically shows tram-track or ring shadows , not a single cavitary lesion with air-fluid level. C. Carcinoma of lung ❌ – May cavitate but bronchoscopy excluded malignancy in this case. D. Hematoma ❌ – Usually history of trauma; less likely in this context. E. Pulmonary embolism ❌ – May cause infarcts but rarely cavitates with air-fluid level. 🧠 High-Yield Points: 💡 Lung abscess: necrotizing infection leading to cavity format...